5g

Understanding Telecom Network Architecture: Core, Transport, and Access Layers Explained

Learn how telecom networks are structured into core, transport, and access layers to ensure seamless connectivity and data transmission in modern communication systems.

How Digital Twins Power VRU Smart Applications for Safer Connected Mobility

Explore how Digital Twins enhance road safety for vulnerable road users (VRUs) through smart connectivity, AI analytics, and real-time alerts in intelligent transport systems.

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT): Architecture, Layers, and Standards for Smart Manufacturing

Discover how the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) connects physical systems, data, and intelligence through layered architecture and global industrial standards.

Digital Twins in Industrial Environments: Architecture, Layers, and Real-Time Data Synchronization

Explore how Digital Twins transform industrial operations by linking physical assets and digital models for real-time monitoring, analysis, and intelligent automation.

Industrial Collaboration through Digital Twins: Human-to-Machine Interaction in Smart Manufacturing

Discover how Digital Twins enable seamless collaboration between operators and machines through AI, telemetry, and augmented interaction in smart factories.

3GPP UAS Reference Architecture Explained: Enabling Connected Drones through 5G Networks

Discover how 3GPP’s UAS Reference Architecture connects drones (UAVs) to 5G networks and UTM systems, enabling safe, intelligent, and scalable aerial operations.

Self-Scheduling, Cross-Carrier Scheduling, and Multi-Cell Scheduling in 5G NR: Explained with Examples

Understand how self-scheduling, cross-carrier scheduling, and multi-cell scheduling optimize 5G NR performance, enhance flexibility, and improve resource utilization.

Understanding Paging Early Indication (PEI) in RRC Idle State: Optimizing UE Power Efficiency in 5G NR

Learn how Paging Early Indication (PEI) works in the RRC Idle state of 5G NR, improving UE power efficiency and reducing unnecessary wake-ups with smart paging management.

Evolution of Full Duplex Communication in 5G NR: From Release 18 to Release 19 and Beyond

Explore how 3GPP 5G NR evolves from non-overlapping uplink/downlink subbands in Release 18 to full duplex overlapping operations in Release 19 and beyond.

How Digital Twins Power Smart Cities: Architecture, Real-Time Data, and Cyber-Physical Integration

Explore how Digital Twins enable smart cities through real-time data, cyber-physical systems, and intelligent coordination across transportation, IoT, and telecom networks.