5g

Understanding the VoNR Call Flow in 5G: Step-by-Step Breakdown of Voice over New Radio

Explore how Voice over New Radio (VoNR) works in 5G standalone networks. Understand the complete VoNR call flow — from RRC setup to QoS flow and DRB management.

5G NR MAC PDU Structure Explained: Understanding DL and UL MAC PDU Examples

Dive deep into the structure of 5G NR MAC PDUs. Learn how Downlink and Uplink MAC PDUs organize subheaders, CEs, and SDUs for efficient data transfer in 5G networks.

Understanding 5GMM States at UE: A Complete Guide to 5G Mobility Management Transitions

Explore the 5GMM state machine at the UE level — from registration to deregistration and service requests. Learn how 5G mobility management ensures seamless connectivity and network efficiency.

Understanding 5GMM States in 5G Core Network: Deregistered, Registered, and Common Procedure Initiated

Explore 5G Mobility Management (5GMM) states in 5G Core Networks. Learn how UE transitions between Deregistered, Registered, and Common Procedure states.

Understanding MIB and SIBs in 5G NR: How the UE and gNB Exchange System Information

Learn how MIB and SIBs in 5G NR enable communication between the UE and gNB. Explore System Information procedures, message flow, and their role in network access.

Understanding PDCCH Monitoring in 5G NR: CORESET, CCE, and REG Explained

Explore how 5G NR handles PDCCH monitoring occasions using CORESETs, CCEs, and REGs. Learn their structure, relation, and importance for efficient downlink control.

PDCCH Control Region in 4G LTE vs CORESET in 5G NR: A Complete Technical Comparison

Understand how the PDCCH control region in 4G LTE evolved into the flexible CORESET design in 5G NR. Explore structure, bandwidth parts (BWP), and how NR improves control channel efficiency.

LTE vs 5G NR Control Structure: Understanding CORESET and Bandwidth Parts

Explore how 5G NR revolutionizes radio resource management with CORESET and BWP, replacing LTE’s static control region for higher flexibility and spectrum efficiency.

Understanding Fiber Optic Communication System: Working, Components, and Advantages

Discover how fiber optic communication systems convert electrical signals into light pulses to deliver ultra-fast, reliable data transmission across long distances.

5G Advanced in 3GPP Release 18: The Next Evolution Beyond 5G

Discover the roadmap from 3GPP Releases 15 to 18 and how 5G Advanced is set to transform industries, networks, and user experiences with smarter, faster, and more efficient connectivity.